Nutrition research: A cornerstone of public health to solve challenges related to food and nutrition

Abstract

In Mexico and several Latin American countries, there is a worrying double burden of malnutrition, including both undernutrition and obesity. Both conditions, derived in part from inadequate nutrition, negatively affect health. Undernutrition impacts growth, cognitive development, and resistance to infection, increasing susceptibility to acute and chronic diseases in adulthood. On the other hand, obesity is linked to chronic diseases such as type II diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and even mortality. The consumption of unhealthy foods, particularly those rich in sugar and fat, contributes to these health problems. In Mexico, dietary patterns are characterized by a high consumption of energy-dense and ultra-processed foods, along with a low intake of fruits and vegetables. In addition, a worrying increase in the intake of sugary drinks contributes to weight gain and increases the risk of type II diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. To solve these problems, strategies and public policies based on scientific evidence and the active involvement of dietitian, not only in clinical consultation, but also in research on nutrition and food-related issues are required to impact public health. This has a positive impact on public health and benefits a larger number of people or populations. Despite this, unfortunately, only a small percentage of dietitian focus on this area.